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(Above photo - Victorian Oak Dining Set - Table and Chairs Suite 1880 )
The Victorian era, spanning from 1837 to 1901, was a period marked by immense social, cultural, and industrial changes. Within the realm of furniture design, two distinct phases emerged—Early Victorian and Late Victorian. These periods not only reflect the evolving tastes of society but also capture the craftsmanship and artistry of their respective times. Let's delve into the nuances of Late and Early Victorian furniture to appreciate the unique characteristics that distinguish each era.
(Above photo - Oval Partners Desk Victorian Walnut Office )
Timeframe: 1837-1860
The Early Victorian era was characterized by a romantic and nostalgic aesthetic, heavily influenced by the reign of Queen Victoria. Furniture from this period exhibits a blend of various design influences, including Gothic, Rococo, and Renaissance Revival. Intricate carvings, elaborate detailing, and dark, rich woods like mahogany and rosewood were prominent features of Early Victorian furniture.
(Above photo - Pair Victorian Display Cabinets Ebonized Antique 1860 )
Gothic Revival Influence: Early Victorian furniture often incorporated Gothic motifs, such as pointed arches, quatrefoils, and tracery. These elements were inspired by medieval architecture and design.
Heavy Ornamentation: Furniture pieces were adorned with detailed carvings, often depicting nature-inspired themes, scrolls, and floral patterns. Cabriole legs, serpentine shapes, and scrolled arms were common design elements.
Rich Fabrics: Upholstery featured rich fabrics like velvet and brocade in deep, luxurious colors. Tassels and fringe were used as decorative accents.
(Above photo - Victorian Pier Cabinet Olive Wood 1850 )
Timeframe: 1860-1901
The Late Victorian era, also known as the Aesthetic and Eastlake period, saw a shift towards a more eclectic and diverse design philosophy. This period witnessed the influence of the Arts and Crafts movement, as well as the emergence of Japonisme, which celebrated Japanese design elements. Late Victorian furniture displayed a departure from the heavy ornamentation of the Early Victorian era.
(Above photo - Victorian Centre Table Walnut Marquetry Inlay )
Japonisme Influence: Japanese motifs, such as bamboo-style turnings, lacquer finishes, and oriental patterns, became popular during the Late Victorian era. Furniture often featured a lighter and more open design.
Innovation in Materials: With advancements in technology, there was an increased use of new materials such as cast iron and steel. This period also marked the introduction of mass production techniques.
Simplicity and Functionality: Late Victorian furniture leaned towards a simpler and more functional design. The influence of the Arts and Crafts movement emphasized craftsmanship and the use of natural materials.
Eastlake Style: Named after Charles Eastlake, this style emphasized geometric shapes and straight lines. Furniture pieces featured incised lines, geometric patterns, and ebonized wood.
(Above photo - Victorian Partners Desk Writing Table Mahogany 1880 )
In comparing Late and Early Victorian furniture, one witnesses not only a shift in design aesthetics but also a reflection of the changing values and technological advancements of the time. While Early Victorian furniture is characterized by its opulence, intricate detailing, and historic revivalism, Late Victorian furniture embraces a more eclectic and innovative approach, drawing inspiration from diverse cultural influences. Both eras, with their unique charm, contribute to the rich tapestry of Victorian design, leaving an indelible mark on the history of furniture craftsmanship.
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